ABC or
multi-purpose dry chemical is a dry chemical extinguishing agent. It uses a specially fluidized and siliconized
monoammonium phosphate powder. ABC dry chemical is usually a mix of
monoammonium phosphate and
ammonium sulfate, the former being the active one. The mix between the two agents is usually 40–60%, 60-40%, or 90-10% depending on local standards worldwide. The USGS uses a similar mixture, called Phos Chek G75F.
[1]Uses It insulates
Class-A fires by melting at approximately 350–400 degrees F. The powder breaks the chain reaction of
Class-B fires by coating the surface to which it is applied. It is safe and effective for
Class-C fires since it is a non-conductor of
electricity.
Sizes of these handheld
fire extinguishers range in US customary sizes from 2½ lb., 5 lb., 6 lb., 10 lb., 20 lb. and "Fast Flow" and cartridge operated 30 lb. extinguishers. Wheeled extinguishers used in high hazard areas range from 150 lb. – 350 lb. For stationary handline systems the capacities range from 500 lb. – 3000 lb. units. In
EN 3 European standards, the range is 1 kg to 12 kg; wheeled models containing 30, 50, 75 and 100 kg are also used.
ABC dry chemical is inappropriate for
chlorine or
oxidizer fires.
[2] The resulting chemical reaction can cause an explosion or a breakdown of the chemicals releasing toxic gases. Water should be used.
[3][4] ABC dry chemical is inappropriate for certain metal fires (
Class-D) as well as cooking oil fires (
Class-K). Due to the corrosive properties of ABC Dry chemical, it is not recommended for use around aircraft or sensitive equipment.
References- ^"Ecological Effects of Fire Retardant Chemicals and Fire Suppressant Foams". Archived from the original on 2011-02-16. Retrieved 2011-02-16.
- ^"SELECTION OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS FOR FIRES INVOLVING OXIDIZERS (SWIMMING POOL CHEMICALS)". Retrieved 2008-09-13.
- ^"Chlorine facts". Archived from the original on 2008-04-30. Retrieved 2008-09-13.
- ^"Sprinkler protection for swimming pool chemicals". NFPA Journal. 2004. Retrieved 2008-09-13.
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